Right eye, excision: Pterygium Differential diagnosis. Rule out invasion in breast tumors by determining presence of myoepithelial cells (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1054) Confirm diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma (p63, Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:1161) Triple stain with P504S (AMACR) and CK903 (HMWCK) is recommended (Am J Clin Pathol 2007;127:248) Note that partial atrophy may have similar staining as S100 and SOX10 are diffusely positive, TLE1+ in most cases, which can cause confusion Solitary fibrous tumor: CD34+ with a characteristic patternless pattern STAT6+ TLE1 can be positive in up to 40% Leiomyosarcoma: Often shows more nuclear pleomorphism with brighter eosinophilic cytoplasm May be desmin+, SMA+, calponin+, h-caldesmon+ PAX8: Very useful. Positive stains. Negative for E-cadherin Additional references WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board: Breast Tumours, 5th Edition, 2019 , Schnitt: Biopsy Interpretation of the Breast, 3rd Edition, 2017 , Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016;140:1052 , Pathology 2018;50:100 , Histopathology 2015;66:761 , Breast J 2021;27:207 , J Breast Imaging 2020;2:590 16q loss / CDH1 deletion and loss of function of E-cadherin, a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule (Breast Cancer Res 2019;21:76) Change in function of E-cadherin rather than loss in some cases and rarely other adhesion proteins implicated with E-cadherin stable Low grade neoplasia pathway / family (Breast Cancer Res 2019;21:76) Sequential progression from inflammation to metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2016;40:e45) Accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations causes development and progression of dysplasia (Nat Genet 2014;46:837) C-myc and cyclins D1, E and B implicated as oncogenes in neoplastic progression in Barrett esophagus Positive staining - disease. Nuclear CAM 5.2, nuclear SOX10, nuclear and cytoplasmic p16, vimentin variably positive (J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017;45:1754) Squamous balls: p16 and CK5/6 positive Heterogeneous, moderate to strong cytoplasmic WT1 (periphery of ribbon-like structures); in microadenomatous foci, associated with cuboidal cells (Pathol Res Pract 2014;210:726) HSP90 negativity may be useful to rule out ocular surface squamous neoplasia (Am J Clin Pathol 2016;145:385) Sample pathology report. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: Positive for keratin 34 beta E12 and CK7. CD20 positive in lymphoma Cytokeratin AE1 / AE3 positive in diffuse gastric carcinoma Metastases from breast (lobular carcinoma) (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001;125:567): Both have signet ring cell morphology and negative E-cadherin stain GATA3 / ER positive in breast primary and negative in gastric carcinoma E. The aggressive nature of the pleomorphic variant of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and poorer outcomes are related to the high histologic grade of this variant, rather than the pleomorphic designation itself. p63) and 1 with cytoplasmic staining (e.g. This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. GATA3, CK7 (full E-cadherin (J Clin Pathol 2016;69:307, Hum Pathol 2020;98:32, J Urol 2003;170:1892) Negative stains. CK5, CK14, 34 beta E12): mosaic to occasionally diffuse pattern of positivity (Histopathology 2000;37:232) Estrogen receptor: heterogeneous positivity with variation in staining intensity E-cadherin; Low molecular weight cytokeratins (e.g. Reduced expression of E-cadherin (Mod Pathol 2008;21:1192) Clearance of disease with wide margins remains a challenge due to the multifocal nature of the disease However, positive margins and lesion size are not predictive of progression free survival (Int J Gynecol Pathol 1999;18:351, Int J Clin Oncol 2012;17:569) Clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid: Degree of tubular formation can range between tumors and within tumors. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. The tumor ecosystem of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is poorly characterized. Positive stains. Determination of histologic type is based on routine histologic examination; special stains such as e-cadherin are not required for determining histologic type. Positive in 4393% of MPMs and positive in 8993% of PSPCs. Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is a transmembrane protein (Histopathology 2016;68:57) Extracellular domain involved in intercellular adhesion and polarity maintenance Cytoplasmic domain attached to actin units / / - and p120 catenins Encoded by CDH1 (CaDHerin-1) gene located on chromosome 16 (16q22.1) Knockout of Tcf21 in TPCs had negligible effects on primary tumour growth and EMT, as indicated by equal levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and Ki67 in tumour sections from PC lin and PC lin-KO mice (online supplemental figure 13A, B). E. The aggressive nature of the pleomorphic variant of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and poorer outcomes are related to the high histologic grade of this variant, rather than the pleomorphic designation itself. PAX8: Very useful. Positive in most Mullerian carcinomas and negative in MPMs. Sequential progression from inflammation to metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2016;40:e45) Accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations causes development and progression of dysplasia (Nat Genet 2014;46:837) C-myc and cyclins D1, E and B implicated as oncogenes in neoplastic progression in Barrett esophagus (Am J Surg Positive in 98% of PSPCs and 5% of MPMs. Diffusely positive in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (box-like) and clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma (cup-like) (Histopathology 2020;77:659) Strong membranous staining in mesothelioma, mesothelial lesions and mesothelium (Virchows Arch 2012;460:89, Am J Clin Pathol 2014;142:82) CD20 positive in lymphoma Cytokeratin AE1 / AE3 positive in diffuse gastric carcinoma Metastases from breast (lobular carcinoma) (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001;125:567): Both have signet ring cell morphology and negative E-cadherin stain GATA3 / ER positive in breast primary and negative in gastric carcinoma WT1: Not useful. CDX2, villin, MUC2, MUC5AC, beta catenin (nuclear) (J Clin Pathol 2016;69:307, Hum Pathol 2020;98:32) Sample pathology report. Pinguecula: E-cadherin (strong membranous) (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:229) p120 (strong membranous) Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, overall ER positive rate ~69%, expression is correlated with nuclear grade (strongly positive in low grade DCIS, frequently negative in high grade DCIS) (J Cancer 2011;2:232, Br J Cancer 2008;98:137) P-cadherin, calponin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), smooth muscle actin, CD10, S100 (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008;132:349) At least 2 markers, 1 with a nuclear staining pattern (e.g. Rule out invasion in breast tumors by determining presence of myoepithelial cells (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1054) Confirm diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma (p63, Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:1161) Triple stain with P504S (AMACR) and CK903 (HMWCK) is recommended (Am J Clin Pathol 2007;127:248) Note that partial atrophy may have similar Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) is a transmembrane protein (Histopathology 2016;68:57) Extracellular domain involved in intercellular adhesion and polarity maintenance Cytoplasmic domain attached to actin units / / - and p120 catenins Encoded by CDH1 (CaDHerin-1) gene located on chromosome 16 (16q22.1) CD56, N-cadherin, CRP positive Subtypes include cholangiolocarcinoma, iCCA with ductal plate malformation-like pattern Large duct type iCCA (Liver Int 2019;39:7) Proximal to liver hilum Periductal infiltrating or mass forming Tall columnar cells that form large glands within open lumina; usually contain mucin BG8: Very useful. E. Per ASCO / CAP guideline recommendations, all new primary invasive breast cancers require assessment of standard breast biomarkers: estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2. Breast: fibromatosis, phyllodes tumors (spindle cell component), metaplastic carcinoma (23%, Mod Pathol 2010;23:1438) It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. Limited use. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. If there are smaller carcinomas of a different type, this information should be included under Additional Findings. 2D). Positive in 53100% of MPMs but also focal positivity in 2235% of PSPCs. E. Per ASCO / CAP guideline recommendations, all new primary invasive breast cancers require assessment of standard breast biomarkers: estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths, but analysis of its molecular and clinical characteristics has been complicated by histological and aetiological heterogeneity. Degree of tubular formation can range between tumors and within tumors. EMA, CD15s, E-cadherin and p120 catenin: inside out pattern (Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016;140:799) EMA and CD15s: membranous staining of tumor cells abutting stroma E-cadherin and p120 catenin: cup shaped basolateral membranous staining with sparing of the apical surface ER (70 - 94%) PR (50 - 84%) HER2: p63) and 1 with cytoplasmic staining (e.g. Seminal vesicle epithelia were positive, and prostatic basal cells variably positive and luminal cells typically negative. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), also called CD56, is a homophilic binding glycoprotein expressed on the surface of neurons, glia and skeletal muscle.Although CD56 is often considered a marker of neural lineage commitment due to its discovery site, CD56 expression is also found in, among others, the hematopoietic system.Here, the expression of CD56 is mostly associated The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. Nuclear CAM 5.2, nuclear SOX10, nuclear and cytoplasmic p16, vimentin variably positive (J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017;45:1754) Squamous balls: p16 and CK5/6 positive Heterogeneous, moderate to strong cytoplasmic WT1 (periphery of ribbon-like structures); in microadenomatous foci, associated with cuboidal cells (Pathol Res Pract 2014;210:726) Positive in 4393% of MPMs and positive in 8993% of PSPCs. Right eye, excision: Pterygium Differential diagnosis. Positive for TFE3 or TFEB, cathepsin K, CD10, AMACR and variable focal CAIX, EMA and cytokeratins (opposite to clear cell RCC) Adrenal cortical carcinoma: Positive for inhibin, MelanA and SF1; Negative for PAX8 and EMA and keratins. Positive in 98% of PSPCs and 5% of MPMs. Positive for TFE3 or TFEB and cathepsin K; Negative or focally positive for keratin; Can be focally positive for HMB45 and MART1. This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein containing transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. BG8: Very useful. Both positive for PAX8; p63 and GATA3 usually negative Inactivation of tumor suppressor gene INI1 on long arm of chromosome 22 is frequently detected INI1 negative (loss) and OCT 3/4 positive in 50% of cases (Urology 2011;78:474.e1, Histopathology 2012;61:428, Am J Surg Pathol 2018;42:279)
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